Sesamum indicum pdf

Sesame is a warm season annual crop which While, the genetic diversity of Ethiopian sesame is primarily adapted to areas with long growing landraces and cultivars showed the existence of seasons and well drained soils.

Sesame prefers great genetic variability between the landraces slightly acid to alkaline soils pH with and SSR markers were established for further moderate fertility. Clay soils are more prone to diversity analyses of Ethiopian sesame and water logging. Sesame will not withstand water establishment of a core collection Daniel et al.

This suggests that effective utilization of to the roots and suffocates the plants. Even if the the available sesame genetic resources will plants do not die, they will be more susceptible to create a better chance for sesame crop root rots and will yield less. Whereas it is a heat improvement in Ethiopia.

So, sesame will perform best on fertile and well-drained soils Importance of Sesame Seeds such as silt loams. It is adapted to sandy loam soils provided there is adequate moisture during Annual plants such as sesame, linseed, seedling establishment and it has been grown soybeans, corn, cottonseed, groundnut, satisfactorily on silty clay loam soils.

Successful establishment of World Sesame Production This shows that the requirement of refining oil seeds in the country will be more advantageous. In , the total world sesame production production of ground nut and rape crop seeds is was about 3. Of oil crops, sesame 7. In Ethiopia, Trends and Future Prospects of Sesame central statistical agency data showed that the Production in Ethiopia national productivity of sesame is about 8.

Gomenzer the yield under traditional condition 5. Oilseeds cover a total of good managemental condition in Mozambiqu 7. On the other hand, the world area and 3.

Sesame is the major oil seed in been achieved. This also shows that an among the six producers of sesame seed, linseed increased sesame production was mainly and niger seed in the world Wijnands et al. The major sesame seed producing This indicates that the use of improved regions are situated in the North West and South technologies would ultimately result to achieve West Ethiopian in Humera, North Gondar and maximum yield from this large area size.

Thus, it Wollega Wijnands et al. Market No. The Ethiopian quality sesame varieties are Thus, blending of varieties should be avoided to usually known by their brand name. There are provide adequate seed cleaning of up to three sesame variety types commonly used for The severe yield losses in Ethiopia. Thus, the most commercial varieties are suitable for various common pests registered include bacterial blight applications.

For instance, the Humera type is Xanthomonas campestris pv. It is said to be good uniform white seeds, oxysporum , powdery mildew Oidium which are quite larger. This makes it very suitable erysiphoides , Alternaria leaf spot Alternaria for bakery products. The Gondar type is also sesame and Cercospora leaf spot Cercospora suitable for the bakery market. The major sesame. Bacterial blight is transmitted through competitive advantage of the Wollega type is its Jassid Orosius albicinctus.

It is very common in high oil content. Regarding important insect that damages sesame in quality of sesame seeds, white seeds with a Ethiopia Tadele, In Uganda, sesame white to golden color, are mainly used in raw form webworm Antigastra catalaunalis and sesame because of their aesthetic value and are mostly gall midge Asphondylia sesami were reported to priced higher than mixed seeds yellow to dark be the major insect pest of sesame Okidi, ; brown seeds which are generally crushed into oil Ssekabembe et al.

Ssekabembe Wijnands et al. Hulled seeds and indicated that two times application of pesticide bleached hulled seeds have a higher market for sesame pests after 2 and 4 weeks of crop value than untreated seeds.

Different reports emergence control the sesame webworm shows that there is an increasing demand Antigastra catalaunalis. On the other hand, half of the area higher in price than Wollega types Wijnands et under sesame crop in Gujarat state of India is al. It can be suggested that efficient research seed were China, Israel, Turkey and other Middle strategy may be required to reduce the effect of Eastern countries. While currently, the demand various yield reducing factors in sesame volume of the traditional buyers is continuing to production.

Sesame yields are highly chain actors. Sesame being sold as plain seed, variable depending upon the growing while quality characteristics such as oil content, environment, cultural practices and the type of percentage of admixture, fatty acid profile are not cultivar. Sesame is a low yielder and worldwide commonly analyzed due to lack of capacity to average yields are low Brigham, The accurately measure the quality standards of major constraints in sesame production sesame.

Thus, it is believed that selecting and worldwide are lack of wider adapting cultivars, grading sesame according to its quality and shattering of capsules at maturity, non- clearly specifying its characteristics, such as its synchronous maturity, poor stand establishment, origin for traceability , or whether it is organic or lack of fertilizer responses, profuse branching, a speciality, etc. Besides this, as well as fulfill buyer expectations in the end lack of appropriate storage facilities and market Sorsa, To solve the different challenges and improve production potential as well as quality of sesame Future Opportunities and Prospects of crop, the use of improved technologies is highly recommended.

The suitability of environmental of the crop. Diseases and insects are factors. Sesame: its culture, genetics, T. Annual Review Plant Sesamin, a sesame lignin is a potent inducer Science Buss, J. Sesame production in Nampula: Baseline Clinical and experimental 48 10 Ashri, A. Genetic resources of sesame: Present Carlsson, A.

In: Arora, R. In: Kole, C. Sesame breeding. Federal Reviews, Sesame Sesamum indicum L. Genetic resources, chromosome E. C September-December Volume I: Report engineering and crop improvement. CRC press, Boca Raton. Field Addis Ababa, June, Crops: An overview. Federal Agronomy, Agrobios, India. History and lore of Sesame in Agency. C southwest Asia.

Economic botany 58 3 Sep-Dec Vol I. Report on Area and Production Bedigian, D. Evidence for cultivation on of crops private peasant holdings, Meher sesame in the ancient world. Economic Botany season.

Statistical Bulletin No: Addis Ababa. Bedigian, D. Federal morphological variation in sesame. C Sep-Dec Report on Area and Bedigian, T. Sesamin, sesamolin and the original Production of major crops private peasant holdings, of sesame biochem systematics. Ecology Meher season. Statistical Bulletin. Genetic variability Sorsa Debela. Sesame trade arrangements, costs among landraces of sesame in Ethiopia.

African Crop and risks in Ethiopia: A baseline survey. Netherlands Science Journal 19 1 The Ethiopian Commodity University. Exchange ECX : An overview. In both seasons, the variety Nicaragua observed a significant higher seed yield with ,8 kg ha-1 and ,4 kg ha-1, respectively. Significant relationships among some agronomic characteristics of sesame were also reported. It has great economic known oilseeds, with its origin being Central Africa, where potential in the domestic and international markets as a it concentrates most of the wild species of the genus result of high quality oil, with application in the food and Sesamum Cattan and Schiling, In Mozambique, oil-chemistry, and a potential market capable of this is one of the most income oilseed crops, after absorbing quantities exceeding the current supply.

Linde, Alua, Rama, and Nicaragua Table 2. Before However, low Sesame crop yields that are below planting, the land was ploughed to a depth of 15 cm -1 kg ha have been major constraints for small-scale using manual hoe. The test crop was Sesame Sesamum farmers, which have been resulting to lower income indicum L. Table 1 shows the soil characteristics of the experimental site.

Data analysis The district is covered by humid temperate climate strongly influenced by altitude. It shows a wide variation Data of Sesame yields and growth parameters were of rainfall, mm to mm, with most of the rainfall subjected to analysis of variance using SAS version 9. The height for the 1 branch was significantly affected by the treatments only Experimental design and management on the second season ; and the variety Rama st observed significantly the lowest height for 1 branch Before planting, soil samples from the experimental sites Differently from the other treatments; whereas, in was the variety Rama findings on this study, Ahmed et al.

Similarly, Ahmed et al. Yield parameters Contrarily, Pham et al. For lodging and the lesser the grain loss at harvest. Pham et instance, in cropping season the variety Linde al. Furthermore, Queiroga weight of seeds with 3,1 grams of seeds than all at al. However, the seed yield values other treatments Table 3. Similarly, Pham et al. Sesame Queiroga et al. May and June flowering and seed formation. Relationship between growth and yield parameters Still in , the variety Linde observed statistically -1 higher biomass yield 3,4 t ha than Rama variety with Significant positive relationships between seed yield and -1 1,6 t ha.

Matusso and Faruque Sesamum indicum L. Boletim Still according to the Table 5, significant positive de pesquisa e desenvolvimento ISSN Perfil do Distrito de were recorded in Days to beginning of Ibrahim, S. Genotypic seed formation and days to beginning of maturity correlation and path coefficient analysis of yield and significantly correlated in both years. Significant positive some yield components in sesame Sesamum indicum relationships between days to beginning of seed L.

Days to beginning of seed Academic Journals. Other correlations Nampula. Similarly, INE. Statistically Year Book. Mozambican Ibrahim and Khidir , and Olowe reported Government. Yield evaluation characteristics of sesame.